Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Size Optimization And Thermal Studies On Calcium Alginate Nanoparticles
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Thandapani Gomathi || S. Susi || D. Abirami || P.N. Sudha
Page No.	::	01-07
Paper Index	::	XXXX

In the present study alginate nanoparticles were optimized through controlled gelification method and characterised for its formation and thermal behaviour. The prepared alginate nanoparticles were characterized using the analytical tools such as FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD and DLS analysis. The effective crosslinking in the alginate nanoparticles was confirmed using FTIR studies. XRD results confirm that the less degree of crystalline phase and more in amorphous phase. The thermal stability of the alginate nanoparticles was determined from the TGA and DSC results. The DLS results confirm that the particle size was in nano size range.

 

Keywords: Biopolymers, Sodium alginate, Characterization

[1] A.K. Mohanty, M. Misra, L.T. Drzal, S.E. Selke, B.R. Harte, and G.Hinrichsen, Natural fibers, biopolymers and biocomposites: An introduction, In: Natural Fibers, Biopolymers and Biocomposites, A.K. Mohanty, M. Misra, and L.T. Drzal (eds.), CRC Press, London, 2005.
[2] O. Smidsrød, and K.I. Draget, Alginates: chemistry and physical properties. Carbohydr. Eur. 14, 1996, 6–13.
[3] D.H. Ngo, Sulphated polysaccharides as bioactive agents from marine algae. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 62, 2013, 70–75.
[4] L. Li, Y. Fang, R. Vreeker, and I. Appelqvist. Reexamining the egg-box model in calcium–alginate gels with X-ray diffraction, Biomacromolecules, 8, 2007, 464-468.
[5] L.K. Jang, N. Harpt, D. Grasmik, L.N. Vuong, and G. Geesey, A two-phase model for determining the stability constants for interactions between copper and alginic acid, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 1990, 482-488.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Synthesis And Characterization of Certain Aliphatic Polyesters Contains Citric Acid Moiety
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Kesavan.A || Shameena.S || Karunanidhi.M || Ravi.A
Page No.	::	08-16
Paper Index	::	XXXX

Biodegradable aliphatic random copolyesters were synthesized from SeCS, SuCM by using sorbital/ D-mannitol, sebacic acid, succinic acid and citric acid through direct melt polycondensation with titanium tetra isopropoxide as a catalyst. These polyesters were characterized by Viscosity measurements, IR studies, 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction analysis. Thermal properties have been analyzed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry Biodegrdability of synthesized polyesters also studied.. This kind of novel biodegradable polyesterr are expected to have potential application in drug delivery.

 

Keywords: Aliphatic Polymers, Biodegradable Polyesters, Enzymatic Degradation.

[1]. Lenz RN. Prog Polym Sci., 1993; 107:1
[2]. Okada M. Prog Polym Sci., 2002; 27: 87
[3]. Gumargalieva KZ, Zaikov GE. Polym. Degrad. and Stab., 1995; 48: 411-7
[4]. LeinskyD,FritzJ,BraunR.BioresourceTechnol.,2004; 96(2): 197 – 201
[5]. Shimao M. Biodegradation of plastics. Current opinion in Biotechnol., 2001; 12: 242 –7..
[6]. PaggaU,SchaferA,MullerRJ,PantkeM.Chemosphere,2001; 42: 319-31.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Comparative Study on the Electrical And Thermal Properties of The Chemically Synthesized Copolymer, Poly(2-Methoxyaniline-Co-2-Chloroaniline) And Its Nanocomposite, Poly(2-Methoxyaniline-Co-2-Chloroaniline) –Composite- Fe2O3
Country	::	India
Authors	::	P.Lakshmi || S.Jhancy Mary
Page No.	::	17-23
Paper Index	::	XXXX

The copolymer of 2-chloro aniline and 2-methoxy aniline and its nano composite with iron oxide nanoparticles, Fe2O3 were synthezised by chemical oxidative polymerization technique using ammonium persulphate as the oxidizing agent and HCl and sodium lauryl sulphate as dopants. The materials synthesized were soluble in common organic solvents such as CCl4, DMSO, alcohol and DMF. The presence of the anionic surfactant as the dopant improved the processability and the solubility of the materials. FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, TGA and XRD studies confirmed the formation of the composite. The composite is thermally more stable than the copolymer. The electrical conductivities measured are in the semiconducting range and the composite showed greater electrical conductivity than the pure copolymer.

 

Keywords: Conducting polymer, iron oxide nanoparticles, oxidative polymerization, poly (2-methoxy aniline-co-2-chloro aniline, semiconducting.

[1]. P. Tartaj, M.D Morales, S. Veintemillas-Verdaguer, T. Gonzalez-Carreno, and C.J. Serna, The preparation of magnetic nanoparticles for applications in biomedicine, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 36(13), 2003, 182-197.

[2]. C. Sun, J.S.H. Lee, and M. Zhang, Magnetic nanoparticles in MR imaging and drug delivery, Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 60(11), 2008, 1252–1265.

[3]. P. Li, D.E. Miser, S. Rabiei, R.T. Yadav, and M.R. Hajaligol, The removal of carbon monoxide by iron oxide nanoparticles Appl Catal, B, 43, 2003,151-162.
[4]. S .Sun, C.B. Murray, D .Weller, L. Folks, and A. Moser, Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles and ferromagnetic FePt nanocrystal superlattices, Science, 287(5460), 2000, 1989-1992.

[5]. R. L.N. Chandrakanthi, M.A. Careem, Preparation and Characterization of CdS and Cu 2S Nanoparticle/ Polyaniline Composite Films, Thin Solid Films, 417, 2002, 51-56.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Preconcentration of Divalent Metal Ions Using 5-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Diazenyl] Quinolin-8-Ol- Formaldehyde
Country	::	India
Authors	::	D. Manivannan || V. M. Biju
Page No.	::	24-31
Paper Index	::	XXXX

A novel chelating resin for preconcentration of heavy metals from various environmental samples has been developed by condensing 5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl) diazenyl] Quinoline-8-ol (HPDQ) with formaldehyde (1:2 mole ratio) in the presence of oxalic acid as catalyst. The resin thus obtained was used as a solid sorbent for the separation of divalent metal ions present at trace levels in real samples. The polymeric resin HPDQ-F obtained by condensing the functionalized phenol and formaldehyde was characterized by spectral and thermal studies. The chelating property of the HPDQ-F resin towards divalent metal ions was studied as a function of pH and preconcentration flow rate. The metal uptake properties of the resin were determined by using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The analytical performance of the developed method was validated. Thus, these resins can be widely used as solid sorbents for preconcentration of trace metals at ppm level.

 

Keywords: Preconcentration, Formaldehyde, Functionalized phenol, Trace level, Metal ion

[1]. V.N. Bulut, A. Gundogdu, C. Duran, H.B. Senturk, M. Soylak, L. Elci and M. Tufekci, A multi-element solid-phase extraction method for trace metals determination in environmental samples on Amberlite XAD-2000, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 146(1), 2007, 155-163.
[2]. M. Ghaedi, F. Ahmadi and A. Shokrollai, Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt and lead ions content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142, 2007, 272-278.
[3]. M. Ghaedi, F. Ahmadi and M. Soylak (2007) Preconcentration and separation of nickel, copper and cobalt using solid phase extraction and their determination in some real samples, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 147, 2007, 226-231.
[4]. M. Soylak and M. Tuzen, Diaion SP-850 resin as a new solid phase extractor for preconcentration separation of trace metal ions in environmental samples, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137, 2006, 1496-1501.
[5]. T. Madrakian, M. A. Zolfigol and M. Solgi, Solid-phase extraction method for preconcentration of trace amounts of some metal ions in environmental samples using silica gel modified by 2,4,6-trimorpholino-1,3,5-triazine, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 160,2008, 468-472.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Synthesis, Characterization And Applications of Chitosan-O-Vanillin Schiff Bases/Polypropylene Glycol Blend
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Manju.S || Rani.K || Vijayalakshmi.K || Sudha P.N.
Page No.	::	32-42
Paper Index	::	XXXX

The present work deals with the synthesis and characterization of chitosan-o-vanillin schiff base/polypropylene glycol blend. The characterization of the prepared chitosan schiff base/polypropylene glycol blend has been carried out by advanced analytical techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, TGA and SEM studies. The obtained FT-IR results clearly indicate the formation of Schiff base (C=N) linkage in chitosan and in addition the appearance of new peaks also suggested that the polypropylene glycol gets effectively binded with the chitosan schiff base. The change in crystallinity and the increased thermal behavior was elucidated from XRD and TGA analysis respectively..........

 

Keywords: Chitosan, schiff base, o-vanillin, polypropylene glycol, antibacterial, antifungal.

[1]. K. Kurita, S.Mori, Y.Nishiyama, M.Harata, N-alkylation of chitin and some characteristics of the novel derivatives, Polymer Bulletin, 48(2), 2002, 159–166.
[2]. S. Sashikala and S. Syed Shafi, Synthesis and characterization of chitosan Schiff base derivatives, Der Pharmacia Lettre, 6(2), 2014,90-97
[3]. H. Mitteilungen Schiff, aus dem universitats laboratorium in Pisa: Eineneue reihe organischer basen, Justus Liebigs Ann Chem, 131, 1864,118– 119.
[4]. D.Sriram, T.R. Bal, P. Yogeeswari, Aminopyrimidinimino isatin analogues: design of novel non- nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors with broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic properties, Journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 8(3), 2005, 565-577.
[5]. Kumble Divya, Geetha M pinto, Asha F Pinto, Application of metal complexes of schiff bases as an antimicrobial drug: a review of recent works, International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 9(3), 2017,27-30

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Comparative Study on the Electrical And Thermal Properties of The Chemically Synthesized Copolymer, Poly(2-Methoxyaniline-Co-2-Chloroaniline) And Its Nanocomposite, Poly(2-Methoxyaniline-Co-2-Chloroaniline) –Composite- Fe2O3
Country	::	India
Authors	::	P.Lakshmi || S.JhancyMary
Page No.	::	43-48
Paper Index	::	XXXX

The copolymer of 2-chloro aniline and 2-methoxy aniline and its nano composite with iron oxide nanoparticles, Fe2O3 were synthezised by chemical oxidative polymerization technique using ammonium persulphate as the oxidizing agent and HCl and sodium lauryl sulphate as dopants. The materials synthesized were soluble in common organic solvents such as CCl4, DMSO, alcohol and DMF. The presence of the anionic surfactant as the dopant improved the processability and the solubility of the materials. FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, TGA and XRD studies confirmed the formation of the composite. The composite is thermally more stable than the copolymer. The electrical conductivities measured are in the semiconducting range and the composite showed greater electrical conductivity than the pure copolymer.

 

Keywords: Conducting polymer, iron oxide nanoparticles, oxidative polymerization, poly (2-methoxy aniline-co-2-chloro aniline, semiconducting.

[1]. P. Tartaj, M.D Morales, S. Veintemillas-Verdaguer, T. Gonzalez-Carreno, and C.J. Serna, The preparation of magnetic nanoparticles for applications in biomedicine, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 36(13), 2003, 182-197.

[2]. C. Sun, J.S.H. Lee, and M. Zhang, Magnetic nanoparticles in MR imaging and drug delivery, Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 60(11), 2008, 1252–1265.

[3]. P. Li, D.E. Miser, S. Rabiei, R.T. Yadav, and M.R. Hajaligol, The removal of carbon monoxide by iron oxide nanoparticles Appl Catal, B, 43, 2003,151-162.
[4]. S .Sun, C.B. Murray, D .Weller, L. Folks, and A. Moser, Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles and ferromagnetic FePt nanocrystal superlattices, Science, 287(5460), 2000, 1989-1992.

[5]. R. L.N. Chandrakanthi, M.A. Careem, Preparation and Characterization of CdS and Cu 2S Nanoparticle/ Polyaniline Composite Films, Thin Solid Films, 417, 2002, 51-56.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Focus towards p-vinyl benzaldehyde containing quinoxaline - Photoluminescence and Antibacterial activity
Country	::	India
Authors	::	R. Padma || S. Guhanathan
Page No.	::	49-59
Paper Index	::	XXXX

Quinoxaline display a wide range of biological performance and electron transport properties. Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) is one of the most imperative part of conjugated polymers having an ample assortment of applications in light-emitting diodes. The existence of electron withdrawing quinoxaline ring has been used in π-conjugated structures to construct the OLED materials. In the present investigation, p-vinyl benzaldehyde substituted quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized using 3-methyl-quinoxalin-2-one with terephthaldicarboxaldehyde via Wittig reaction. The structures of synthesised compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H, 13C, 31P-NMR, MASS spectral data............

 

Keywords: P-phenylene vinylene, quinoxaline derivatives, photoluminescence, Wittig reaction, spectral studies.

[1]. C. W. Lindsley, Z. Zhao, W. H. Leister, R. G. Robinson, S. F. Barnett, D. Defeo-Jones, R. E. Jones, G. D. Hartman, J. R. Huff, H. E. Huber, M. E. Duggan, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, 15, 2005, 761.
[2]. M. Loriga, S. Piras, P. Sanna, G. Paglietti, Quinoxaline chemistry. Part 7 2-[aminobenzoates]- and 2-[aminobenzoylgluamate]-quinoxalines as classical antifolate agents. Synthesis and evaluation of in vitro anticancer, anti-HIV and antifungal activity, Farmaco, 52, 1997, 157.
[3]. L. E. Seitz, W.J. Suling, R. C. Reynolds, Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of pyrazine and Quinoxaline Derivatives, J. Med. Chem., 45, 2002, 5604.
[4]. W. He, M. R. Myers, B. Hanney, A. P. Spada, G. Bilder, H. Galzinski, D. Amin, S. Needle, K. Page, Z. Jayyosi, M. H. Perrone, Potent quinoxaline based inhibitors of PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Part 2: the synthesis and biological activities of RPR 127963 an orally bioavailable inhibitor, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, 2003, 3097.
[5]. Y. B. Kim, Y. H. Kim, J. Y. Park, S. K. Kim, Synthesis and biological activity of new quinoxaline antibiotics of echinomycin analogues, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 14, 2004, 541.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Beneficial Role of Ellagic Acid on Cyclosporine A Induced Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rats
Country	::	India
Authors	::	S.Palani || S.Balachandar || Sivasankari
Page No.	::	60-66
Paper Index	::	XXXX

The present study was investigate to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of ellagic acid on Cyclosporine A induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Adult male albino rats of Wistar strains divided into six groups. Four groups received CsA by oral garvage (25mg\kg\body weight) for 21 days to induce nephrotoxicity, three of which simultaneously received ellagic acid treatment (12.5mg\kg, 25mg \kg, 50mg\kg\body weight) for 21 days. A vehicle (0.2% DMSO) and ellagic acid on cyclosporine A induced nephrotoxicity were evaluated by plasma creatinine, urea and creatinine clearance; kidney tissue TBARS, lipid hydroperoxides, enzymic antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione –S- transferase), non enzymic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitaminC and vitaminE) and histopathological examinations..........

 

Keywords: .............

[1]. Ponticelli C. Cyclosporine: from renal transplantation to autoimmune Diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1051: 551–558.
[2]. Busauschina A, Schnuelle P, van der Woude FJ. Cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36: 229–233.
[3]. Liptak P, Ivanyi B. Primer: histopathology of calcineurin-inhibitor toxicity in renal allografts. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol.2006 ; 2: 398–404.
[4]. Mohamadin AM, El-Beshbishy HA, El-Mahdy MA. Green tea extract attenuate cyclosporine A-induced oxidative stress in rats. Pharmacol Res.2005 ; 51: 51–57.
[5]. Chanussot F, Benkoel L. Prevention by dietary (n-6) polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines of intrahepatic cholestasis induced by cyclosporine A in animals. Life Sci 2003;73: 381–392.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Green Synthesis And Characterisation of Encapsulated Barnacle with Copper Nanoparticles And Their Potential Biological Applications
Country	::	India
Authors	::	R.Revathy || D.Shakila || K. Geetha || A.Dinesh Karthik
Page No.	::	67-75
Paper Index	::	XXXX

Marine biofilms formed due to adhesion of bacteria and other microorganisms on submerged surfaces are generally considered to be a major form of microfouling. Subsequent attachment of larvae of higherorganisms like barnacles, mussels, and so forth, on marine biofilms, causes macrofouling. Several approaches have been used to prevent micro and macrofouling. Copper and its oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are known to exhibit strong inhibitory and antimicrobial activity. Biological synthesis of CuONPs is rapidly gaining importance due to its growing success. Hence, the present study is focused on the biosynthesis of CuONPs using barnacle extract and APTMS protected nanoparticles..........

 

Keywords: Green synthesis, Copper, X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, Escherichia coli.

[1]. Taylor, Robert; Coulombe, Sylvain; Otanicar, Todd; Phelan, Patrick; Gunawan, Andrey; Lv, Wei; Rosengarten, Gary; Prasher, Ravi; Tyagi, Himanshu (2013). "Small particles, big impacts: A review of the diverse applications of nanofluids". Journal of Applied Physics 113: 011301.Bibcode:2013JAP...113a1301T. doi:10.1063/1.4754271.

[2]. Robert A; Otanicar, Todd; Rosengarten, Gary (2012). "Nanofluid-based optical filter optimization for PV/T systems". Light: Science & Applications1 (10): e34. doi:10.1038/lsa.2012.34.

[3]. Hewakuruppu, Y. L.; Dombrovsky, L. A.; Chen, C.; Timchenko, V.; Jiang, X.; Baek, S.; Taylor, R. A. (2013). "Plasmonic "pump–probe" method to study semi-transparent nanofluids". Applied Optics 52 (24): 6041–6050.doi:10.1364/AO.52.006041. PMID 24085009.

[4]. Rosengarten, Gary; Hawkes, Evatt R.; Jiang, Xuchuan; Coulombe, Sylvain (2013). "Feasibility of nanofluid-based optical filters". Applied Optics 52(7): 1413–22. doi:10.1364/AO.52.001413. PMID 23458793.

[5]. M.; Doi, Y.; Hellwich, K. H.; Hess, M.; Hodge, P.; Kubisa, P.; Rinaudo, M.; Schué, F. O. (2012). "Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 84 (2). doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04.