Carbon nanotubes are nanoparticles with enormous application in the field of pharmaceuticals. It is used mostly in the drug delivery part for cancer treatment but other uses are not that much considered. It is used as a biosensor, used to find poisoning and many others. In this article, we are going to see the pharmaceutical uses and current approach to carbon nanotubes.

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New insight on the interaction between the immune system and tumor has identified the programmed death-1/programmed death-1 ligand pathway to be a key player in evading host immune response. The immune checkpoint modulator, nivolumab (BMS-936558/ONO-4538), is the first PD-1 inhibitor to gain regulatory approval, for the treatment of patients with unresectable melanoma. This review will discuss results from early phase studies of nivolumab in solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as studies of nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy, other immune modulators and molecular targeted therapy in patients with NSCLC.

KEYWORDS; Nivolumab, Melanoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Head and Neck Cancer,RCC, Urothelial Carcinoma, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4),PD-1,PD-L1, immune check point inhibitor

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Context: β–carotene has been used extensively in food, industry, and medicine. β–carotene extracted by chemical solvent, so that β–carotene is of high economic value. Aims: To extract β–carotene without chemical solvent and to determine β–carotene using UHPLC and GC–MS. Settings and Design: This research was laboratory experiment. Carrot is obatained from local supermarket. Methods and Material: Approximately 300 g carrots, grind, separate from that matrix. To the filtrate was then, added some chemical salt, centrifuged 5 000 × g for 30 min to have pellet. The pellets evaporated 40 0C for 48 h. β–carotene pellets are measured with UV–Vis, HPLC and GC–MS. Mobile phase was chloroform–methanol......

Keywords: Antioxidant, carotenoid, extraction

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BACKGROUNG: Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality. Several maternal and neonatal risk factors are associated with it. AIMS&OBJECTIVES:to look for important risk factors leading to birth asphyxia and its outcome in a resource limited setting. METHODS:The study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of a tertiary Medical college of North East India. It was a hospital based observational study.Babies were enrolled at birth. Resuscitation was done according to standard neonatal unit protocol. Maternal and neonatal factors were studied in babies having birth asphyxia as well as healthy babies . Outcome was observed in babies having birth asphyxia.......

Keywords: Birth asphyxia, risk-factors, outcome

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Labetalol Hydrochloride has been widely used as an anti-hypertensive drug. The present study concerns with the development and evaluation of Hydrodynamically balanced system of Labetalol Hydrochloride by using the different natural polymer such as chitosan(animal derived) and its different grades low medium and high molecular chitosan along with a plant derived polymer which is psyllium husk. We encorporated the natural polymer to eliminate the risk of toxicity. This formulation is designed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase the bioavailability and sustain the drug release pattern. The hydrodynamic ally balanced capsule was prepared by the help of ordered mixing technique and the evaluation is performed by the different study pattern such as in vitro dug release and buoyancy studies. And various identification tests such as DSC/DTG/TGA,FTIR were also performed. The drug release study was seen by using the USP type II apparatus and using pH 1.2 as dissolution.......

Keywords: Hydrodynamically balanced system, labetalol hydrochloride, chitosan, plantago ovate, anti-hypertensive drug, toxicity, bioavailability.

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