Introduction: Background: The rational drug use of antibiotics will provide antibiotic therapy optimization. The effectiveness of using antibiotics will play an important role in the treatment of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). Antibiotics used for UTI therapy include cephalosporin and quinylone antibiotics. The purpose of this literature study is to summarize the results of the research on the rational use of antibiotics in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients according to the research parameters as follows: the appropriate indications, drug selection, dose selection, patient, and duration of drug administration. Results: Therefore, it can be concluded that the appropriate percentage of the indication from the eight articles is 99.35%. The percentage of appropriate drug selection from......

KEYWORDS: Rational Use of Drug, Antibiotics, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

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[2] Febiana, T. (2012). Kajian Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik di Bangsal Anak RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang Periode Agustus-Desember 2011. Scientific Paper. Semarang: Medical Faculty. University Diponegoro
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The pandemic has drawn focus to the need for greater racial and ethnic diversity in Clinical trials. This is not a new issue diverse communities have long been underrepresented in clinical research but COVID-19 has put a necessary spotlight on the work to do. This Pictorial representation may guide to design clinical data..

KEYWORDS; Clinical Study Design, Pfizer-BionTech COVID-19 vaccine, pictorial Representation

[1]. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/Pfizer-BioNTech.html
[2]. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine
[3]. Fernando P. Polack, M.D,Stephen J. Thomas, M.D,Nicholas Kitchin et.al, " Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine", N Engl J Med 2020; 383:2603-2615, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577
[4]. https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/who-can-take-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19--vaccine
[5]. https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-vaccine-candidate-against.

This study was conducted to determine the rejuvenating activity of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) extract cream 10% in the UVB-exposed rats' skin. The efficacy of the Temulawak extract cream was compared with Vitamin C cream 10% as a positive control. The subjects were 30 female Wistar rats, aged 6-8 weeks, and weighing 180-200 grams. The samples were divided randomly and equally into three groups, namely group 1 (control, exposed to UVB only), group 2 (exposed to UVB + treated with Temulawak extract cream 10%) and group 3 (exposed to UVB + treated with Vitamin C cream 10%). Qualitative phytochemical screening of the Temulawak extract revealed the content of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids and terpenoids/steroids, but not tannins. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was found to be 37.32 mg/mL. Before and after treatment......

Keywords: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), Rejuvenating Agent, Phytochemical, UVB, Skin Aging, Rats, Anti-Aging Medicine

[1]. S. Zhang, and E. Duan, Fighting against Skin Aging: The Way from Bench to Bedside, Cell Transplant, 27(5), 2018, 729-738.
[2]. A. Kazanci, M. Kurus, A. Atasever, Analyses of changes on skin by aging, Skin Res Technol, 23(1), 2016, 48–60.
[3]. J. Krutmann, A. Bouloc, G. Sore, B.A. Bernard, T. Passeron, The skin aging exposome, J Dermatol Sci, 85(3), 2017, 152–161.
[4]. A.C. Mora Huertas, C.E. Schmelzer, W. Hoehenwarter, F. Heyroth, A. Heinz, Molecular-level insights into aging processes of skin elastin, Biochimie, 128, 2016, 163–173.
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Background: Gingival overgrowth is an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) frequently encountered in the dihydropyridine (DHP) group of Calcium Channel Blockers, especially nifedipine and amlodipine. Various factors are thought to play a role as risk factors including sociodemographic, genetic, pharmacokinetics, and oral hygiene. Materials and Method : This review article aimed to describe data from the results of a 2009-2020 study which reported gingival overgrowth as ADR arising from use of Calcium Channel Blockers. This review was conducted by extracting data from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. From the literature, it was found that CCB is an antihypertensive group that often causes gingival overgrowth (GO), especially the dihydropyridines group.......

Keywords: Gingival Hyperplasia, Adverse Drug Reaction, And Calcium Channel Blockers.

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Bamboo spine also known ankylosing spondylities (AS) .most of medical experts said that on this medical condition there is no such effective medicine to cure completely but it can be controllable adverseness of disease. Rheumatism it's a type of autoimmune disorder under which AS is comes. in this our immune system strikes on our healthy cells results into severe pain and inflammatory conditions , stiffness, and loss of motions. Ankylosing spondylitis also known as ankspond . its affects most of axial skeleton such as ,pelvic girdle, lumbar L1 to L5 vertebrae, upper thoracic ,neck ,and after progression it's also affects on shoulder and groin region as well. and this medical belongs to rheumatism (SpA).......

Keywords: Ankylosing spondylities, rheumatism, HLA-B27,hereditary ,etc.

[1]. Behzad Heidari, Caspian J Intern Med.Rheumatoid Arthritis: Early diagnosis and treatment outcomes 2011 Winter; 2(1): 161–170 [2]. Farrouq Mahmood,1 *Philip Helliwell21. Bradford Teaching Hospitals, Bradford, UK 2. Leeds and Bradford Teaching Hospitals, Bradford, UK *Correspondence to p.helliwell@Leeds.ac.uk The authors have declared no conflicts of interest EMJ. 2017;2[4]:134-139. [3]. Sirkka Liisa Hostikka, Jun Gong, and Ellen M. Carpenter✉Axial and appendicular skeletal transformations, ligament alterations, and motor neuron loss in Hoxc10 mutants Int J Biol Sci. 2009; 5(5): 397–410.Published online 2009 Jun 3.

[4]. Shinya Yanagisawa,a,∗ Naoki Sato,b Masaki Shimizu,c Kenichi Saito,a Atsushi Yamamoto,a and Kenji Takagishia Relation among the knee, sagittal spinal alignment, and the spinal range of motion: Investigation in local medical check-ups using the Spinal Mouse Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol. 2015 Apr; 2(2): 68–71.

[5]. Anna M. Wobser; Zachary Adkins; Randy W. Wobser. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Bones (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis)

Natural products have gained popularity worldwide for promoting healthcare, as well as disease prevention. Medical use of alkaloid-containing plants has a long history and many alkaloids are still used in medicine nowaday. Alkaloids possessed wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects. The current manuscript discussed the plant contents of alkaloids for medical, pharmaceutical, synthetic, and many other useful properties.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, alkaloid, pharmacology, therapeutic.

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