There are no organs that are not affected by SARS-CoV-2, known as COVID-19, which is the most critical health problem of the last year. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which are responsible for virus invasion, are also secreted in the brain. Therefore, it suggests that this virus may invade brain tissues. The studies and clinical findings revealed that the virus could penetrate the brain tissues to an undeniable extent and cause neurodegeneration with inflammation-mediated cell death due to cytokine storm. There Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the compounds extracted from St John's Wort (SJW) are used in the treatment of depression. Besides, SJW has a protective effect on neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia and anxiety, as......

KEYWORDS: Brain injury, COVID-19, Neurodegeneration, SARS-CoV-2, St John's Wort

[1]. Choi J-Y, Lee H-K, Park JH, Cho S-J, Kwon M, Jo C, Koh YH. Altered COVID-19 receptor ACE2 expression in a higher risk group for cerebrovascular disease and ischemic stroke. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528: 413–419.
[2]. Aghagoli G, Gallo Marin B, Katchur NJ, Chaves-Sell F, Asaad WF, Murphy SA. Neurological Involvement in COVID-19 and Potential Mechanisms: A Review. Neurocrit Care 2020; 1–10.
[3]. Kai H, Kai M. Interactions of coronaviruses with ACE2, angiotensin II, and RAS inhibitors-lessons from available evidence and insights into COVID-19. Hypertens Res 2020; 43: 648–654.
[4]. Minutoli L, Puzzolo D, Rinaldi M, Irrera N, Marini H, Arcoraci V, Bitto A, Crea G, Pisani A, Squadrito F, Trichilo V, Bruschetta D, Micali A, Altavilla D. ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Brain, Heart, Kidney, and Testis Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016; 2016: 2183026.
[5]. Messina G, Polito R, Monda V, Cipolloni L, Di Nunno N, Di Mizio G, Murabito P, Carotenuto M, Messina A, Pisanelli D, Valenzano A, Cibelli G, Scarinci A, Monda M, Sessa F. Functional Role of Dietary Intervention to Improve the Outcome of COVID-19: A Hypothesis of Work. Int J Mol Sci; 21. Epub ahead of print April 2020. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093104

Botulinum toxin affects the neuromuscular junctions to create its therapeutic effects. It prevents the release of acetylcholine and provides the formation of flux paralysis. The cosmetic use of botulinum toxin is well known however there are also many clinical applications. Botulinum toxin can be used in various pathologies from migraine to hyperhidrosis. It acts by preventing contractions at trigger points that cause pain in bruxism. It provides regression and improvement in muscle pain and prevents the muscle hypertrophy and gives out better cosmetic results.

KEYWORDS: Botulinum toxin, bruxism, cosmetics, masseter muscle, migraine

[1] Carruthers J, Carruthers A. The evolution of botulinum neurotoxin type A for cosmetic applications. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2007;9(3):186-192. doi:10.1080/14764170701411470 [2] Persaud, R., Garas, G., Silva, S., Stamatoglou, C., Chatrath, P., & Patel, K. (2013). An evidence-based review of botulinum toxin (Botox) applications in non-cosmetic head and neck conditions. JRSM short reports, 4(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042533312472115 [3] Ney JP, Joseph KR. Neurologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin type A. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2007;3(6):785-798. doi:10.2147/ndt.s1612 [4] Camargo CHF, Teive HAG. Use of botulinum toxin for movement disorders. Drugs Context. 2019;8:212586. Published 2019 Jun 18. doi:10.7573/dic.212586 [5] Carruthers A, Carruthers J. Eyebrow height after botulinum toxin type A to the glabella. Dermatol Surg. 2007;33(1 Spec No.):S26-S31. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32328.x

In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the quality and pharmaceutical equivalence of six samples of Metformin available in Delhi, India (three from market and three from government supply). Metformin was selected for the present study because it is the most commonly used drug for diabetes. The study was performed using in-vitro methods as per Indian Pharmacopoeia 2018. All six samples were assessed through both official and non-official tests like hardness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time, dissolution profile, assay and impurity testing. All six samples met the prescribed limit and found to be of good quality, safe and effective. All samples were pharmaceutically equivalent and interchangeable.

KEYWORDS: Metformin, Weight Variation, Dissolution, Assay, Related Substances, Quality control parameter

[1]. Pubchem Metformin. National Library of Medicine. Last accessed on July 25, 2020 Available on - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Metformin#section=Octanol-Water-Partition-Coefficient
[2]. Metformin 500 mg Tablets. Aurobindo Pharma. EMC. Last accessed on July 15, 2020 Available on - https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/594/smp
[3]. USFDA. Metformin – Drug profile document. Last accessed on July 26, 2020. Available on- https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/021748s002lbl.pd [4]. Monograph of Metformin Hydrochloride, Indian Pharmacopoeia 2018.
[5]. Ashenef A., Kahassun H. and Asres K.; In vitro quality evaluation of metformin hydrochloride tablets marketed in Addis Ababa; Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res, 2019:54(2): 169-176.

More than a year after the Covid 19 Pandemic, there is new evidence on Sar Cov2, stratification of the Covid-19 disease and the treatment that until now there is evidence with Remdesivir and Tocilizumab that these drugs are used in Hospitalization and in Therapy Intensive

KEYWORDS: pandemic, sar cov2, covid-19, remdesivir, tocilizumab.

[1]. OMS, Transmisión del SARS COV2: repercusiones sobre las precauciones en materia de Prevención de Infecciones; Julio 2020.
[2]. https://espanol.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms testing/symptoms.html.
[3]. Gobierno Vasco, Coronavirus Sars Cov2 Adaptación de los Protocolos de la red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE), 2021.
[4]. Guía Sanford, COVID-19, SARS CoV-2.

The aim of the present work is to develop a simple and cost effective new method for the estimation of Brivaracetam by RP-HPLC method. After literature survey we found that very few methods are reported for the estimation of the drug by HPLC, which aimed us to develop a method by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were successfully developed for the separation of Brivaracetam by using Agilent column (4.6×150mm) 5μ, flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, mobile phase ratio was Phosphate buffer: methanol (25:75% v/v), detection wavelength was 270 nm. The instrument used was HPLC with an Auto Sampler, Separation module 2695, photo diode array detector 996, Empower-software version-2.........

KEYWORDS: Agilent column, Brivaracetam, RP-HPLC

[1]. Vavilala Vishweshwar, J. Moses Babu and R. Muralikrishna, Development and Validation of Stability-Indicating UPLC Method for the Determination of Brivaracetam, its Related Impurities and Degradation Products, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018; Vol. 9(6): 2315-2327.
[2]. Pankaj Bhamare, Rupal Dubey, Neeraj Upmanyu, Pothuvan Umadoss, A simple HPLC Method for In-Vitro Dissolution study of Brivaracetam in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2021, 11(1).
[3]. N.V Mali, D V Mhaske, HPLC Studies on Degradation Behavior of Brivaracetam and Development of Validated Stability - Indicating HPLC Assay Method, International Journal of Science and Research methodology, September 2016, (4),3: 43-57.
[4]. Practical HPLC Method Development Lloyd R.Snyder, Joseph J. Kirkland, Joseph L. Glajch, Second Edition, 1, 420-430,686-704.
[5]. D. Atul Vasanth*, B. Rajkamal, A validated LC-MS/MS method for pharmacokinetic study of brivaracetam in healthy rabbits, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018, 10(2): 24-29

The preparation of cytotoxics is a high level activity requiring complete process control and constant evolution of the system. Controlling the risks associated with this activity presupposes creating an environment allowing the performance of services in compliance with quality and safety requirements. A survey was carried out at the Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat on the number of preparations per day, making it possible to determine the cytotoxic contact index, an essential and indispensable element for decision-making in the choice between an isolator and a laminar air flow hood. The results of our study reveal a cytotoxic contact index greater than 3, hence the choice of reconstitution of cytotoxics in a unit equipped with a two-station isolator........

KEYWORDS: Cytotoxic, isolator, hood, personnel protection, preparations, cytotoxic contact index

[1]. Centre hospitalier de Bastia, Centre hospitalier de Brignoles : Mise en place d'une unité Centralisée de préparation des Cytotoxiques sous hotte à flux Laminaire : Expérience de deux centres Hospitaliers du sud-est, Basteri m.j, Dani j, Fity s. Janvier 2002.
[2]. « Médicaments anticancéreux. De la préparation à l'administration. Optimisation. » APHIF, EM Inter Ed., 1995.
[3]. Arrêté du 18 décembre 1997 modifiant les Bonnes Pratiques de Fabrication.
[4]. Arrêté du 7 septembre 1999 relatif aux modalités d'entreposage des déchets d'activité de soins à risques infectieux et assimilés et des pièces anatomiques.
[5]. Arrêté du.22 juin 2001-n° 2001-BOS 2 BIS « Bonnes Pratiques de Pharmacie Hospitalière »