Background: Diabetes as a global problem increases in prevalence worldwide. Treatment of diabetes mellitus currently uses synthetic drugs.As we know, synthetic drugs have many side effects. Therefore, some people use herbal medicine asan alternative to treat diseases. One of them is Catharanthus roseus. This plant is a herbal medicine that has the potential as antidiabetic. Material and Methods: This article reviews the phytochemical compounds and in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic activity testing of Catharanthus roseus in the last decade. Three bibliographic databases were used as sources of information (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar). The keywords used in this literature search were "Antidiabetic,""Pharmacology,""Phytochemical,"and "Catharanthus roseus.".......

KEYWORDS: antidiabetic;Catharanthus roseus; pharmacology;phytochemical

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Background: Management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a huge challenge in the present-day society owing to the increasing cost of medicine and the global economic meltdown. Seeking for cheaper, effective and natural alternatives is preferential as the world is now moving towards the use of medicinal plant therapy. There is need for authentication of already-existing herbal preparations for DM in order to ensure safety and efficacy. This study therefore aimed to experimentally evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of some acclaimed Anti-Diabetic Herbal Preparations (acADHP) used in parts of North-Central, Nigeria for herbal treatment of DM........

KEYWORDS: Herbal medicines; Diabetes mellitus; P. americana; V. amygdalina; Hypoglycemic activity; North-central, Nigeria.

[1]. Mintah SO, Asafo-Agyei T, Archer M, Atta-Adjei Junior PJ, Boamah D, Kumadoh D, Appiah A, Ocloo A, Boakye YW, Agyare C. Medicinal Plants for Treatment of Prevalent Diseases. Pharmacognosy - Medicinal Plants. 2019; January 17th. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.82049.
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[5]. Sabir AA, Balarabe S, Atta SA, Simeon I, Sada KB, Jimoh AO, Sandra O. Prevalence of Diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among the suburban population of Northwest Nigeria. Sahel Medical Journal. 2019; 20:168-172.

Microorganisms are highly susceptible to skin lesions, especially bacteria. The examples of bacteria that infect the skin are S.aureus, S.epidermidis, and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nowdays, many bacteria have resistance to the antibiotics, so an alternative could be effective in inhibit the growth. Calendula are plants with antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activity. Tea tree oil has antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, and antibacterial activity. The aim of the study is to identify the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of calendula, tea tree, and the combination of calendula and tea tree to againstS.aureus, S.epidermidis, and MRSA. Antibacterial test was carried out by well diffusion method. This study used four treatments, that is 25% tea tree oil, 25% calendula oil, 25% calendula....

KEYWORDS: Calendula, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Tea Tree

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[5] N. Jan, K. I. Andrabi, and R. John, "Calendula officinalis - An Important Medicinal Plant with Potential Biological Properties," Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad., vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 769–787, 2017, doi: 10.16943/ptinsa/2017/49126

Background: Indonesia is a tropical country with high humidity which makes it possible for various plants and microorganisms to grow properly. Skin conditions that are easy to sweat and moist, poor personal hygiene, and lack of health knowledge are factors that allow the occurrence of skin diseases, one of the most common skin problems is acne. The bacteria that commonly infect acne are natural ingredients that are empirically known to have antibacterial properties, namely the cinnamon plant (Cinnamomum burmanii). Essential oil from the cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) can provide inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, and Propinonibacterium acne. Natural ingredients that are empirically known to have antibacterial properties are cinnamon plants (Cinnamomum burmanii).

KEYWORDS: Essential Oil, Cinnamon, Facial Wash, Antibacterial Activity, Staphylococcus Aureus, Physical Evaluation.

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