Four simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods for the determination of
Gemifloxacin in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations using triphenyl methane dyes have been developed. The developed methods involve formation of coloured chloroform extractable ion-pair complexes of the drug with triphenyl methane dyes viz., bromothymol blue (BTB), bromophenol blue (BPB), bromocresol green (BCG) and bromocresol purple (BCP) in acidic medium. The extracted complexes formed with BTB, BPB, BCG and BCP showed absorbance maxima at 415, 416, 412 and 414 nm respectively. The stoichiometry of the ion-pair complex of Gemifloxacin with dyes is found to be 1:1 in each case...........

Keywords: Bromothymol blue, Bromophenol blue, Bromocresol green, Bromocresol purple, Factive tablet, Ion-pair complex, Spectrophotometry, Validation

[1]. Deshpande LM, Jones RN. Antimicrobial activity of advanced-spectrum fluoroquinolones tested against more than 2000 contemporary bacterial isolates of species casing community-acquired respiratory tract infections in the United States (1999). Diag Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000;37(2):139-145.
[2]. Wise R, Andrews JM. The in-vitro activity and tentative breakpoint of gemifloxacin, anew fluoroquinolone. J Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 1999; 44(5):679-688.
[3]. Lemke TL, Williams DA, Roche V F etal. Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th ed, 2008.
[4]. O'Neil MJ, Heckelman PE, Koch CB etal. The Merck Index, An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs & Biologicals, 14th ed,2006.
[5]. Moussa BA, Mahrouse MA, Hassan MA, Fawzy M G. Stability indicating spectrophotometric and TLC densitometric methods for the determination of gemifloxacin mesylate in tablet form. Anal Chem Indian J. 2013;12(5):165-176.

OBJECTIVE: This study Evaluated Microbial Purity and Sub chronic toxicity studies of Ade and Ade Herbal Drug (AHD) in Wister's rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Microbial purity was evaluated using appropriate diagnostic media. Acute toxicity of the product was evaluated in Swiss albino mice. In Sub chronic toxicity studies, Swiss albino rats weighing 98g-174g were divided into four study groups (n=5 in each cage) and fed with different treatment doses of the formulation for 30days as indicated below:............

Keywords: Ade and Ade herbal drug, Microbial purity, acute toxicity and Sub chronic toxicity

[1]. Bandaranayake M. W. (2006): Modern Phtomedicine. In Ahmad, I., Aqil F. and Owais M. (Eds), Turning Medicinal Plants into Drugs. Wiley –VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 3-527-31530-6.
[2]. Burger C, Fischer D. R., Cordenunzzi D. A., Batschauer de Bora A. P., Filho V. C., Soares dos Santos A, R. (2005): Acute and subacute toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract from Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasilinsis) Asteraceae) in mice. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(2): 370-373.
[3]. Ekaidem I. S., Akpanabiatu M. I. and Uboh F. E., Eka O. U. (2006): Vitamin B supplementation: Effects on some biochemical and haematological indices of rat on phenytoin administration. Biokemistri 18(1): 31-37.
[4]. Ogbonnia S. O., Mbka G. O., Igbokwe N. H., Anyika E. N., Alli P. and Nwakakwa N. (2010a): Antimicrobial evaluation, acute and subchronic toxicity studies of Leone Bitters, a Nigerian polyher bal formulation, in rodents. Agriculture and Biology Journal North America 1(3), 366-376.
[5]. Ocbonnia S.O., Mbaka G.O., Anyika E. N., Osegbo O. M. and Igbokwe N. H. (2010b): Evaluation of acute toxicity in mice and subchronic toxicity of hdroethanolic extract of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Fam. Asteraceae) in rats. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 1(5), 1367-1376.

Contrast agents in medicine are chemical materials used to improve tissue and fluid contrast in the body during medical imaging. It is mainly used in improving the visibility of blood vessels and the gastrointestinal tract. Some types of contrast materials are used in a medical imaging examination and can be classified according to the imaging technique used. The first contract agent dates back to 1988 which is called gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist®) and was allocated for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Then, I has become availbe in clinical use. Afterwords, many studies have exmined the capability of MRI contrast agents to be used in diagnostic imaging in all parts of the body including the skin, the central nervous system, heart and circulation, breast, lungs, musculoskeletal and lymphatic systems, and even the gastrointestinal tract.............

Keywords: .................

[1]. Aime S, Caravan P. Biodistribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents, including gadolinium deposition. J MagnReson Imaging. 2009;30(6):1259–1267.
[2]. Becker S, Walter S, Witzke O, Kreuter A, Kribben A, Mitchell A. Application of gadolinium-based contrast agents and prevalence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in a cohort of end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. Nephron ClinPract. 2012;121(1–2):c91–c94.
[3]. Bernardino ME, Young SW, Lee JK, Weinreb JC. Hepatic MR imaging with Mn-DPDP:
safety, image quality, and sensitivity. Radiology. 1992;183(1):53–58.
[4]. Bloch F. Nuclear induction. Phys Rev. 1946;70(7–8):460–474.
[5]. Bloembergen N, Purcell EM, Pound RV. Relaxation effects in nuclear magnetic resonance absorption. Phys Rev. 1948;73(7):679–712.

Objective: To find out the medication adherence rate of Chronic diseases at rural areas around Narsaraopeta among 18 – 87 years of age group. Method: Door to Door Survey was conducted at rural areas aroundNarsaraopeta. Eight hundred and twenty patients (N=820) participated in the study. The Questionnaire in Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) was used to identity adherence rate in adults. Results: 3.2 % of patients were highly adherent , 25.8% of patients were moderately adherent, 71.1 % patients poorly adherent were identified and it revealed that there is prevalence of poor medication adherence. There was no statistically significant difference among genders. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is poor medication adherence among the age group of 18-87 years at rural areas around Narsaraopeta. The prevalence of low adherence suggests a necessity of clinical pharmacist for creating awareness.

Keywords: Chronicdiseases,MMAS, Prevalence, Clinical pharmacist, Awareness.

[1]. American Academy of Pediatrics Article: Medication adherence in pediatric and adolescent liver transplants,April 2004, VOLUME 113 / ISSUE 4.

[2]. Journal of Pediatric Psychology: Medication Adherence in Pediatric Asthma: Reasoning, Responsibility and Behaviour Volume 28, Issue 5, 1 July 2003, Pages 323–333.

[3]. Journal of Medical Care:The Concordance of Self-Report With Other Measures of Medication Adherence: A Summary of the Literature, July 2004 - Volume 42 - Issue 7, pages 649-652.

[4]. Journal of clinical Hypertension: Predictive Validity of a Medication Adherence Measure in an Outpatient Setting Volume10, Issue5 May 2008,Pages 348-354.

[5]. Schectman, JM Nadkarni, MM Voss, JD. The association between diabetes metabolic control and drug adherence in an indigent population. Diabetes Care 2002;25:1015–21. Google Scholar, Crossref, Medline, ISI

Based onthe anxiolytic effects of p-CPA were revealed in the most used animal behavior models Moreover, depletion of 5-HT induced by p-CPA or 5, 6-dihydroxytryptamine a neurotoxin destroying serotonergic neurons.Anxiolytic and stimulant effectsof ethanol have been related to the serotonergic system.Therefore, present investigationdetermine the effect of ethanol in serotonin depleted condition on anxiety, separate groups of rats were administered with p-CPA (300 mg/kg, i.p.) for 3 days and 4th day challenged with saline (10 ml/kg, i.p.) or ethanol (1g/kg, i.p.) 30 min thereafter subjected to EPM test and anxiety related indices were measured for 5 min.The administration of p-CPA is effective in the reduction of anxiety through depletion of serotonin and the data of the present study showed thepotentiation of the open arm activity with sub-anxiolytic dose of ethanol (1 g/kg, i.p.) by p-CPA. Therefore, increase in 5-HT transmission might counter regulate ethanol induced traits on anxiety and reduction in 5-HT transmission might enhance these effects on EPM.

Keywords: ____________

[1]. Andrews N, Hogg S, Gonzales LE, File SE. 5-HT1A receptors in the median raphe nucleus and dorsal hippocampus may mediate anxiolytic and anxiogenic behaviors respectively. Eur J Pharmacol 1994;264:259–264.
[2]. Ardner CR. Recent developments in 5HT-related pharmacology of animal model of anxiety. PharmacolBiochem Behav 1986;24(5):1479-1485.
[3]. Baldwin HA, Rassnick S, Rivier J, Koob GF, Britton KT. CRF antagonist reverses the "anxiogenic" response to ethanol withdrawal in the rat. Psychopharmacol (Berl)1999;103:227–232.
[4]. Bedford A, McIver D Foulds. "General instability" and "Psychopathy" 16PF scales and their relationship to psychiatric mood state. J ClinPsychol 1978;34:417–418.
[5]. Chopin P, Briley M, The benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil x blocks the effects of CCK receptor agonists and antagonists in the elevated plus-maze. Psychopharmacol (Berlin) 1993;110:409–414.

Most patients with cardiac cirrhosis will have esophageal varices in the course of their illness. AIAG Score is a simple marker that can predict liver fibrosis with a good degree of accuracy and has been demonstrated in several studies. Based on the concept that liver fibrosis will ultimately lead to the occurrence of esophageal varices, non-invasive examination for liver fibrosis can be used as a predictor of esophageal varices. Research Method: cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 patients with cardiac cirrhosis at Adam Malik Hospital from June 2014 to June 2015. The diagnosis of cardiac cirrhosis was based on clinical, biochemical and ultrasound, and esophageal varices with endoscopy. The AIAG Score was calculated on all patients, with statistical analysis of Mann Whitney test and α = 5%..............

Keywords: AIAG Score , non-invasive markers , esophageal varices.

[1]. Eyal Ashkenazi MD , Yulia Kovalev MD and Eli Zuckerman MD. Evaluation and Treatment of Esophageal Varices in the Cirrhotic Patient. IMAJ. 2013;15:109-115.
[2]. Jensen DM. Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhosis: findings, implications, and outcomes. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:1620-1630
[3]. D'Amico G, Criscuoli V, Fili D, Mocciaro F, Pagliaro L. Metaanalysis of trials for variceal bleeding. Hepatology. 2002;36:1023-1024
[4]. Carbonell N, Pauwels A, Serfaty L, Fourdan O, Lévy VG, Poupon R. Improved survival after variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis over the past two decades. Hepatology. 2004;40:652–659
[5]. Chalasani, N., C. Kahi. 2003. Improved patient survival after acute variceal bleeding : a multicenter, cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 98(3):653–659

Klebsiella spp. can cause various severe human diseases, such as bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. Carbapenem antibiotics have been recommended as first-line treatments for the infections that are caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. However, the emergence and spread of bloodstream infections due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae has aroused wide public concern all over the world. This cross-sectional and retrospective study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of ESBL-producing enterobacteria isolated from blood cultures of patients with bloodstream infections in Northeast of Brazil.

Keywords: Klebsiella Infections, Drug Resistance, Microbial, beta-Lactamases.

[1]. S Shaikh, J. Fatima, S. Shakil, et al., Antibiotic resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases: Types, epidemiology and treatment. Saudi J Biol Sci, 22(1), 2015, 90-101.
[2]. CL Rugini, A.M. Sobottka, and D.B. Fuentefria, Occurrence and sensitivity profile of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary hospital in Southern Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 48(6), 2015, 692-698.
[3]. SV Aken, N. Lund, J. Ahl, I. Odenholt, and J. Tham, Risk factors, outcome and impact of empirical antimicrobial treatment in extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli bacteraemia. Scand J Infect Dis, 46(11), 2014, 753-762.
[4]. MA Rios Neto, V.M. Rios, L.F. Corá, M.M. Fonseca, K. Ferreira-Paim, and F.M. Fonseca, High rates of antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical samples in Northeast of Brazil. Infect Dis (Lond), 50(3), 2018, 229-231.

A stressor is a chemical or biological agent, environmental condition, external stimulus or an event that causes stress to an organism. An event that triggers the stress response may include:environmental stressors (hypo or hyper-thermic temperatures, elevated sound levels, over-illumination, overcrowding), daily stress events (e.g., traffic, lost keys, money, quality and quantity of physical activity), life changes (e.g., divorce, bereavement), workplace stressors (e.g., high job demand vs. low job control, repeated or sustained exertions, forceful exertions, extreme postures),chemical stressors (e.g., tobacco, alcohol, drugs )social stressor (e.g., societal and family demands). Various types of stress estimating scales : standard stress scale, perceived stress scale, Holmes and rahescale, manual of Bisht battery of stress scale etc; of these we preferred using social readjustment rating scale - a modified Indian version of Holmes and rahe scale . It includes 30 stressful life events that contribute to illness. The stress results are calculated and evaluated for any kind of illness (mental) like depression ,anxiety ,etc that they may get proned to in near future.

Keywords: Stressors, Holmes and rahe scale, anxiety, depression.

[1] https://www.google.co.in/search?client=ms-android-a1-micromax&biw=3207bih=200=stress+causes+in+collage+students&oq
[2] https://www.stress.org>collage-students
[3] https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/brain-and-cognitive-sciences/9-00sc-introduction-to-psychology-fall-2011/stress/discussion-stress/
[4] http://carolbaxter.ca/the-difference-between-positive-and-negative-stress/
[5] http://www.ourstressfullives.com/stress-statistics.html

To study Group-A Beta hemolytic streptococcus in school children throat samples. To compare between affected anemic Government school children and private school children to maintain the hygienic to detect the throat sample.Symptomatic pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci in school children may lead to spread of respiratory infection in the community. To study to screen the school children from various parts of school, to detect pharyngeal carriage of Group-A Streptococcus. To isolate Group-A Beta hemolytic streptococcus in school children throat sample.To identify the human pathogen Group-A streptococcus bacteria Grams staining. Human pathogens Group-A streptococcus were characterized. The Biochemical analysis and 16s rRNA gene sequencing were analyzed.To antimicrobial Susceptibility testing was performed on blood agar by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The anti-biogram assay showed that the streptococcal species are particularly sensitive to Penicillin erythromycin, Tetracyclin, clindamycin, linezoid, amikacin, vancomycin, gentamycin cotrimoxazole, and chloramphenicol.

Keywords: Streptococcus; throat samples; Bacterial isolates; Hemolytic.

[1]. Akhter MA, Laz R (2013). Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Pesticide (Fenitrothion) Resistant Bacteria from Agricultural Field, IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (e)-ISSN: 2250-3013.
[2]. Janus J, MoerschelSk.,Evaluation of anemia in children. Am Fam Physician.81(12):1462-1471.2010
[3]. Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M, A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. blood. 123(5):615 -624.2014.
[4]. Vlachos A, Muir E.,How I treat diamond- blackfan anemia.116(19):3715-23.2010
[5]. Harris RJ; Nutrition in the 21st century; what is going wrong. Arch Dis child. 89(2);154-158. 2004.

Solid dispersion techniques have been used during the past few decades to increase solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. In recent years in addition to solubility and bioavailability enhancement more attention has been paid to use solid dispersion techniques for the development of sustained release dosage forms. The solid dispersion techniques have a great potential in the area of sustained release dosage form design because of availability of wide variety of carriers. Hydrophilic natural polymers are widely used in the formulation of oral dosage forms. Their ability to hydrate and form a gel layer are well known and essential to retard the drug release from the formulation. Hence the work was planned for selection, extraction and purification of natural gum Moringa oleifera. Indomethacin solid dispersions were prepared by using PEG 8000 as a carrier by employing solvent evaporation method and melting method..............

Keywords: Indomethacin, Moringa oleifera, PEG 8000, Solid dispersions, Sustained release matrix tablets.

[1]. K. D. Tripathi,Non steroidalanti inflammatory drugs, inJaypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd, Essentials of medical pharmacology, 7( New Delhi, 2013) 202.
[2]. H. Liang, S. Changshan, S. Aihua, C. Di, Z. Xin, G. Yikun, J. Tongying, W. Siling,Aliginate encapsulated mesoporous silica nanospheres as a sustained drug delivery system for the poorly water soluble drug indomethacin, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9, 2014, 183-190.
[3]. Y. Hu, Z. Zhi, T. Wang et al, Incorporation of indomethacin nanoparticles into 3-D ordered macroporous silica for enhanced dissolution and reduced gastric irritancy, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 79, 2011, 544-551.
[4]. G. L. Amidon, H. Lennernas, V. P. Shahetal, A theoretical basis for a biopharmaceutic drug classification: the correlation of in vitro drug product dissolution and in vivo bioavailability, Pharmaceutical Research, 12, 1995, 413-420.
[5]. A. C. Salome, V. O. Ikechukwu, C. O. Godswill, A. A. Anthony, Solidified reverse micellar solution (SRMS) - based indomethacin sustained release tablets: formulation and in vitro evaluation,Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(2), 2014, 211-216.

The subject of the study in this pharmacological-clinical paper was the effect of allopurinol on the values of HDL and LDL in hyperuricemic patients. The research sample included 40 clinically treated patients of both sexes (UKC Sarajevo and JU General Hospital "Abdulah Nakaš" Sarajevo) and various age groups, which according to the diagnosis of the disease were classified into several subgroups (gout, diabetics, patients with metabolic syndrome). In subjects with established gout diagnosis, who were on the treatment with statins and allopurinol, it was found that the value of uric acid decreased after three and six months of use of allopurinol (p <0.05). It was found that the values of LDL fraction were statistically significantly decreased after 3 and 6 months of therapy (p <0.05), while the HDL fraction decreased after 3 months of therapy, but maintained the same to the sixth month of therapy. Also, in the treatment with allopurinol, subjects with metabolic syndrome with severe heart disease (hypertension present), the mean values of uric acid statistically decreased significantly, the values of LDL fractions were statistically significantly increased (p <0.05), while the values of HDL fraction increased after 3 months of therapy, so that later this value remained constant.

Keywords: Allopurinol, HDL, LDL, atherogenic index, hyperuricemia.

[1]. N. Ziga, F. Becic, Allopurinol effect on values of lipid profile fractions in hyperuricemic patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, Materia Socio-Medica, 25(3), 2013, 167-169.
[2]. S. Pušeljić, V. Milas, Hiperuricemija i hipouricemija-klinički značaj, dijagnostički i terapijski postupci, Paediatr Croat., 53(1), 2009, 178-185.
[3]. S. Gamulin, M. Marušić, Z. Kovač i suradnici, Patofiziologija (Zagreb: Medicinska naklada, 2018).
[4]. H.K. Choi, D.B. Mount, A.M. Reginato, Pathogenesis of gout, Ann. Intern. Med., 143, 2005, 499–516.
[5]. B. Vrhovac, B. Jakšić, Ţ. Reiner, B. Vucelić, Interna medicina (Zagreb: Naklada Ljevak, 2008).

Herbal drugs obtained from huge number of plants/herbs were extensively utilized in the prevention, diagnosis or treatment of various human diseases since ancient era. Recently, a research suggested that Nigella sativa exhibits an anti-diabetic effect by showing marked histopathological changes in kidney and pancreas of rats. So the present was designed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of hydro-alcoholic seeds extract of Nigella sativa in rat model.The fresh seeds of Nigella sativa were collected from the local market and identified & authenticated by botanist at National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR), RanaPratapMarg, Lucknow with the voucher specimen no. (NBRI-SOP-202), Reference no. (NBRI/CIF/296/2012).N. sativa seeds (black seeds) were fully shade dried and extracted using hydro-alcoholic solution (1:1). Animals...................

Keywords: Nigella sativa, Black seeds, hepato-protective and OGTT.

[1]. Khan MohdAsif et al. Traditional, Pharmacological and Patenting potential of Neem (Azadirachtaindica): A Review. Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences 2017; 3(4): Pp. 383-391.
[2]. QureshiTavassum, PushpendraKannojia, MohdAsif Khan. Screening of anti-diabetic effect of polyherbalayurvedic formulation- BilwadiChurna in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. International Journal of Life Sciences and Review 2018; 4(1): Pp. 10-14.
[3]. HeshmatiJavad, NazliNamazi. Effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) on metabolic parameters in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 2015; 23(2): Pp. 275-282.
[4]. Kaleem M. et al. Biological effects of Nigella sativa L seeds in diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 2006; 44: Pp. 745-748.
[5]. Chan Chung-Hung, Gek-Cheng Ngoh, RozitaYusoff. A brief review on anti diabetic plants: Global distribution, active ingredients, extraction techniques and acting mechanisms. PharmacognRev. 2012; 6(11): Pp. 22–28.

The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare anti-inflammatory activity of Leaves, Roots and Stem Barks of Brihatpanchamoola (A Group of Five Perennial Plants) in kashaya(Aqueous Extract). Bruhatpanchmoola is a formulation of five perennial plants roots i.e. Bilva {Aeglemarmelos (L.) Corr.}, Gambhari (Gmelinaarborea(L).), Agnimanth (ClerodendrumphlomoidisL.f.), Shyonaka {Oroxylumindicum(L.) Vent.} andPatla {Stereospermumsuaveolens(Roxb.) DC.}.Kashaya prepared by Leaves, root and stem bark of Brihatpanchamoola in Carrageenan induced paw oedema model. Wister strain albino rats of either sex were selected and divided in to twenty groups of 6 animals each. The test drug was administered orally at a dose of 0.86 ml/200 gm body weight of rat. Ibuprofen was used as standard anti-inflammatory drug for comparison. The study result shows that Bilwa root can be substituted by stem bark but not with leaf. Agnimanth root cannot be substituted by Stem bark & leaves....................

Keywords: Bilva {Aeglemarmelos (L.) Corr.}, Gambhari (Gmelinaarborea(L).), Agnimanth (ClerodendrumphlomoidisL.f.), Shyonaka {Oroxylumindicum(L.) Vent.} andPatla {Stereospermumsuaveolens(Roxb.) DC.}

[1]. http:// nmpb.nic.in/writereaddata/ links/3557750574 dashmoola% 20 maharashtra % 20part%20-%21.doc.
[2]. "Susrutsamhita" by Sushrutaacharya with Nibandhsangraha commentary of ShriDalhanaacharya, Edited by YadavjiTrikamji, Sutrasthanaadhyaya 38thshloka no.68, ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi, 14th Edition.
[3]. "BhavaprakashaNighantu" by Bhavamishra, Edited by Chunekar K.C. Guduchyadivarga, Varanasi, ChoukhambaVishwabharti Academy, Page no.290.Pandey.G.'s "Dravya-GunaVijanan" Vol.2, Varanasi, Krishnadas Academy, First Edition 2001.
[4]. M Gokhale and Y K Bansal. An avowal of importance of endangered tree Oroxylumindicum (Linn.) Vent. Natural Product Radiance March 2006; 5(2).

Bruhatpanchmoola is a ayurvedic formulation of five perennial plants roots i.e. Bilva {Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.}, Gambhari (Gmelina arborea(L).), Agnimanth (Clerodendrum phlomoidisL.f.), Shyonaka {Oroxylum indicum(L.) Vent.} andPatla {Stereospermum suaveolens(Roxb.) DC.}. Bruhatpanchmoola is also known as Mahatpanchmoola.2 Extensive usage of Bruhatpanchmoola plants single or in formulation led to scarcity of the plants, amongst them Shyonaka {Oroxylumindicum(L.) Vent.} and Patla {Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.) DC.} Listed under endangered plants4,5. The study reveals that roots of bruhatpanchmoola can be substituted by stem bark or leaves.

Keywords: Bruhatpanchmoola, ayurved, Bilva {Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.}, Gambhari (Gmelina arborea(L).), Agnimanth (Clerodendrum phlomoidisL.f.), Shyonaka {Oroxylum indicum(L.) Vent.} and Patla {Stereospermum suaveolens(Roxb.) DC.}. physicochemical, phytochemical, roots, leaves, stem barks

[1]. http:// nmpb.nic.in/writereaddata/ links/3557750574 dashmoola% 20 maharashtra % 20part%20-%21.doc.
[2]. "Susrutsamhita" by Sushrutaacharya with Nibandhsangraha commentary of ShriDalhanaacharya, Edited by YadavjiTrikamji, Sutrasthanaadhyaya 38thshloka no.68, ChaukhambaOrientalia, Varanasi, 14th Edition.
[3]. "BhavaprakashaNighantu" by Bhavamishra, Edited by Chunekar K.C. Guduchyadivarga, Varanasi, ChoukhambaVishwabharti Academy, Page no.290.Pandey.G.'s "Dravya-GunaVijanan" Vol.2, Varanasi, Krishnadas Academy, First Edition 2001.
[4]. M Gokhale and Y K Bansal. An avowal of importance of endangered tree Oroxylumindicum (Linn.) Vent. Natural Product Radiance March 2006; 5(2).
[5]. Saha, S. and Howe, H.F. 2006. Stature of juvenile trees in response to anthropogenic firest in a tropical deciduous forest of Central India. Conservation and Society 4(4): 619-627.