Obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation are becoming global epidemics. The dysbiosis has a specific role in the metabolism and energy stocks of the host. The discovery that a low-grade of inflammation could be directly connected to the intestinal microbiota metabolic endotoxemia (elevated levels of plasma lipopolysaccharides) has allowed the identification of novel mechanisms involved in the control of the intestinal barrier. In this review, it will analyze the latest news to explain how human symbiotic microorganisms participate in the growth of the fat reserves and promote insulin resistance as a low-grade inflammation. Besides, it will discuss new treatments with probiotics and prebiotics as a promising therapeutic approach to reverse the host's metabolic changes linked to dysbiosis observed in obesity.

Keywords: LPS, microbiota, inflammation, intestinal permeability, obesity.

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In this newspaper, we want to isolate Lactobacillus sp. which have the ability to inhibite H.pylori. As a result, 20 lactic strains are isolated from fermented food and choose a strain from 20 strains has the biggest inhibition with H.pylori . In adittion, selecting strain is determined Lactobacillus plantarum by 16S rDNA and its inhibition with H.pylori is the strongest (the rate percent of inhibition is 70.48%). Then, L.plantarum is used to create bioproduct by miniB 290 and some parameters are determined: the input temperature is 1000C, the rate of input pump is 5 ml/min.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, inhibition, Lactobacillus plantarum, lactic strains, fermented food.

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[4]. Do Thi Bich Thuy, Phan Thi Be, Tran Thi Ai Luyen, (2013). "Study on properties of Lactobacillus plantarum DC2 isolated from traditional lactic fermented product Dua Cai" in Hue City, Vietnam. Journal of Biotechnology, 11(1): 145-152.

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The toxicity effects of 2,6-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzy-lidene)cyclohexanone (BDMC33)on adult zebrafish (>6 months old) was investigated in this study. The acute and subchronic toxicity tests by exposing adult zebrafish (>6 months old) to various concentrations of BDMC33 for 48 hrs and 14 days, respectively, were conducted. The 48 hrs LC50 value was determined, mean weight, malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, and the pathological changes in the intestine and liver of treated zebrafish were evaluated after 14 days of exposure. Similar analyzes on aspirin (positive control) and 3-(2-Fluoro-benzylidene)-5-(2-fluorocyclohexylmethylene)-piperidin-4-one (EF-24)(check control) were also examined for comparison. The 48 hrs LC50 values were 8 μM (aspirin), 10 μM (EF-24), and 20 μM (BDMC33). The average weights at 14 days were 0.87 mg (aspirin), 1.89 mg (EF-24), and 2.01mg (BDMC33)............

Keywords: Acute toxicity; BDMC3; chronic toxicity; curcumin analogues; zebrafish.

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Heavy metal and pesticide pollutants cause stress to the aquatic organism and change its metabolic activity. The heavy metal pollutants give rise to alterations in the metabolic and physiological activity both after short and long term exposures. To investigate the physiological changes after pesticide and heavy metal treatment the most fundamental one would be the study of change in the biochemical constituents. Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are the important metabolites which provide energy to different vital processes. They glycogen content in freshwater bivalve, L. marginalis was altered indicating the effects of heavy metals. The average glycogen content in acute and chronic treatment by heavy metal HgCl2 and CdCl2 was decreased in the whole body. The depletion of glycogen content was greater in the digestive gland as compared to the foot and mantle of the bivalve, when exposed to pollutants..............

Keywords: Heavy metals HgCl2 and CdCl2, L. marginalis, Glycogen, digestive gland, acute, chronic.

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Self-medication is a common problem worldwide and is defined as the use of non-prescription drugs without supervision of a physician for the treatment of self diagnosed disorders or symptoms and might become a serious health problem(Mooataz et al., 2016; Barbara et al., 2015; Fariba et al., 2014; Girma et al., 2011). It is influenced by various factors such as education, family, society, law, availability of drugs and exposure to advertisements(Mooataz et al., 2016; Gupta et al., 2013; Girma et al., 2011). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of medications used in the treatment of pain, inflammation, and fever. These medications are common, affordable, easy to access and hence they are commonly used for treating injuries and for general pain management (Safila et al., 2014; Gupta et al., 2013; Sonia et al., 2013; Girma et al., 2011; Awad et al., 2005).

[1]. Awad A, Eltayeb I, Matowe L, Thalib L, 2005. Self medication with antibiotics and antimalarials in the community of Khartoum State, Sudan. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science 2005, Vol 8 (2), pp. 326-331.
[2]. Barbara Kołłątaj, Magda Sowa, Witold Kołłątaj, Piotr Książek, Justyna Szakuła, 2015. The impact of medical knowledge on attitudes towards the use of OTC drugs. Polish Journal of Public Health, 125(3), pp. 137-143.

Fluorides are common ingredients in toothpaste and mouthwash, due to their effect in the prevention of dental caries.However, use too much of fluoride products for oral hygiene is one of factors that may be a potentially toxic for children. The aim of this study was to determine a content of fluoride in five different types of toothpaste and five different types of mouthwashes commercially available on the Bosnian and Herzegovinian markets and based on a certain content of fluoride, to show the exposure of children to fluorides from the toothpaste and mouthwash. The fluoridecontent was determined by a simple, fast and economical potentiometric method using fluoride ion-selective electrode..........

Keywords: Toothpaste, Mouthwash, Fluoride, Fluoride ion-selective electrode, Potentiometry.

[1]. Bralić M, Buljac M, Prkić A, Buzuk M, &Brinić S. Determination Fluoride in Products for Oral Hygiene Using Flow-Injection (FIA) and Continuous Analysis (CA) with Home-Made FISE. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci, 2015: 10, 2253-2264.
[2]. Sunitha V, & Reddy BM. Determination of fluoride concentration in ground water by ion selective electrode. Int. J. Curr. Res. Aca Rev, 2014: 2, 159-166.
[3]. Seraj B, Shahrabi M, Shadfar M, Ahmadi R, Fallahzadeh M, Eslamlu HF, &Kharazifard MJ. Effect of high water fluoride concentration on the intellectual development of children in makoo/iran. Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2012: 9(3), 221.
[4]. Spencer AJ, Do L., Mueller U, Baines J, Foley M, & Peres MA. Understanding optimum fluoride intake from population-level evidence. Advances in dental research, 2018: 29(2), 144-156.
[5]. Gleisner H, Einax JW, Morés S, Welz B, &Carasek E. A fast and accurate method for the determination of total and soluble fluorine in toothpaste using high-resolution graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry and its comparison with established techniques. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2011: 54(5), 1040-1046.

The invention relates to a material for destructing micro algae with specific substituents. The compounds contain 1, 4 - Naphthoquinone as a basic one and substitution is carried out at C1, C2, and C3 (C1-NOH, C2-NH2 or (N-Acetyl) - acetamido and C3-Cl). Amino Naphthoquinone can be embedded on cotton fabrics for good durability. Synthesis of 2-Amino-3-Chloro-1,4- Naphthoquinone (L1), 2-(N-acetyl) – acetamido-3-Chloro-1,4 – Naphthoquinone(L2), 2-Amino-3-Chloro-1,4-Naphthoquinone-1,Oxime(L3)and2-(N-acetyl)–acetamido-3-Chloro-1,4Naphthoquinone-1,Oxime (L4) were carried out. X-ray diffraction studies show that all these ligands are crystalline in nature and belongs to triclinic group. Crystalline parameters and h, k, l values are calculated by using McMallie computer code. The crystalline size is determined by Scherrer formula and found to be L1-58.045 nm, L2-48.314 nm, L3- 64.97 nm and L4- 49.54 nm. Infrared spectra shows characteristic frequencies for C-H, N-H, C=O, C=C and C-N. UV-VIS spectra shows electronic transition for π → π *, n→ π*. The results are discussed in this paper.

Keywords: 2-Amino-3-Chloro-1, 4- Naphthoquinone, XRD, IR

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Objective: To find out personal hygiene and culinary hygiene among the patients with communicable diseases1 with age group 12-50 years. Method: Prospective Observational Study was conducted at Nikhil hospital, Narsaraopet. Two hundred and twenty-six patients (N=226) participated in the study. The self-assessed questionnaire was used to identify patients with personal hygiene and culinary hygiene. Results: It is interpreted 44.20% Male and 33.70% female were observed to be with poor hygiene. In the study population, 50 patients were hygienic and 176 patients were having poor hygiene and culinary hygiene. Conclusion: This study clearly depicts poor hygiene and culinary in patients. There is an immediate need for patient-centered3 clinics and clinical pharmacist4 to be employed to counsel and educate the patients.

Keywords: (1)communicable disease (2) culinary hygiene(3)patient-centered(4)clinical pharmacist.

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The association between exposure to pollution and pulmonary function was studied in street vendors using a portable handheld spirometer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of impairment in lung function in street vendors compared to the general population (control group). It is a prospective observational study conducted in the Warangal region for a period of 7 months. This study was conducted by collecting and assessing the various pulmonary parameters using portable spirometry on 300 street vendors (test group) and general population (control group). We observed that Street vendors had a significant decline in pulmonary function parameters. Of total, 60.7 % had abnormal Peak expiratory flow (PEF), 43 % had abnormal Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), 35.6 % had abnormal Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), whereas there were negligible changes in the pulmonary function parameters of the general population...........

Keywords: Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Peak expiratory flow (PEF), Spirometry, Street vendors.

[1]. Adeladza Kofi Amegah, JouniJ.K.Jaakkola. Work as a street vendor, associated traffic-related air pollution exposures and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Accra, Ghana,International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health,(217), 2014,354–362.
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Adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of various experimental parameters removal of Methylene blue from aqueous solution. Morphology of adsorbent due to adsorption have been analyzed PH, FT-IR spectra, EDX and XRD analysis.The data were fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm equations. Thermodynamics parameters like change in free energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated.

Keywords: PH, FT-IR spectra, EDX and XRD analysis.

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To assess PAPP-A gene expression, serumPAPP-A and insulin levels in maternal blood of preeclamptics and to compare them with normotensive pregnant women.Control 60 women withPreeclampsia and 30Nonpreeclampsianormotensive women as control. Three groups were chosen; mild preeclampsia group 30 women, severe preeclampsia group 30and control group 30 women. Maternal blood samples for PAPP-AandInsulin were collected from the patients at second trimester and compared. Term placentas were collected from Egyptian women delivering at University Hospitalfrom the gynecological and ObstetricsDepartment, Mansoura University, two hours of delivery. Expression of the PAPPA gene was assayed by quantitative real time PCR. Serum PAPPA levelswere lowered in maternal blood of preeclamptic as compared to normotensive mothers (P < 0.001)............

Keywords: Insulin; PAPPA, Gene Expression, Preeclampsia.

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