Classification of drugs is a continuous practice in any pharmacology to identify the drugs. Ayurved classical texts provide different classifications to identify drugs on the basis of their origin, morphology, qualities of action, Therapeutic and pharmacological. AshtangHridya [Ayurved classical text] has mentioned 33 ganas in SutrasthanaShodhanadiGanaSangrahaAdhyayaaccording to their therapeutic uses. Patol, Katurohini, Chandan, Madhustrava, Guduchi and Patha drugs are mentioned in Patoladigana. These are acting on Kapha Pitta Doshas and Kushtha[ Skin diseases], Jwara [ fever], Visha [ toxic], Vami [ Vomiting] , Arochak [Anorexia] and Kamala[ Jaundice] diseases. All six drugs are used in different conditions of Vami [Vomiting] in the forms of decoction, ghrut, oil and powder. Chhardiis Gastro-Intestinal disorder, where vitiation of Kapha, pitta and vata move in upward direction leading to Chhardi.

Keywords: Vami, Chhardi, PatoladiGana, Guduchi, Katurohini, Patha

[1]. AsthangHridya of Srimadvagbhata, Sutrasthan, 15, shodhanaadigana, edited with Nirmala Hindi Commentary by Dr. BrahmanandTripathi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit pratishthan, Reprinted 2012, pp 139.
[2]. AsthangHridya of SrimadVagbhata, Sutrasthan, 15, shodhanaadigana, edited with Nirmala Hindi Commentary by Dr.BrahmanandTripathi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit pratishthan, Reprinted 2012, pp 139.
[3]. AsthangHridya of SrimadVagbhata, Sutrasthan, 15/15, shodhanaadigana, edited with Nirmala Hindi Commentary by Dr.BrahmanandTripathi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit pratishthan, Reprinted 2012, page 141
[4]. Dr. Anagha Joshi, Dr. Priya Singh, Dr. ShrawaniMahind and Dr. Manasi Deshpande A Conceptual Study On Effect Of PatoladiGana In Kushtha, World Journal Of Advance Medical And Pharmaceutical Research , 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 2 Page: 09-14

Due to the continuous use of antibiotics, many microorganisms have acquired resistance. One example includes Staphylococcus aureus. This Gram positive bacterium has been implicated in causing infections ranging from mild skin infections to severe and life threatening infections. Considering antibiotic resistance as a major problem in treating infections caused by this organism, scientists have been searching for new means to solve the problem. In this study aims, the antibacterial effect of Artemisia verlotiorum, a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, on 18 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Both the 5 methicillin-resistant strains of the organism (MRSA) and the 13 methicillin-sensitive strains (MSSA), were subjected to three different doses of the Artemisia verlotiorummethanol extract............

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), Artemisia verlotiorum, medicinal plants, antibiotic resistance.

[1]. Nascimento, G. G., Locatelli, J., Freitas, P. C., & Silva, G. L. (2000). Antibacterial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Brazilian journal of microbiology, 31(4), 247-256
[2]. Sommer, M. O., Munck, C., Toft-Kehler, R. V., & Andersson, D. I. (2017). Prediction of antibiotic resistance: time for a new preclinical paradigm?. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 15(11), 689
[3]. Rahman, M., Rahman, M. M., Deb, S. C., Alam, M. S., Alam, M. J., & Islam, M. T. (2017). Molecular identification of multiple antibiotic resistant fish pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis and their control by medicinal herbs. Scientific reports, 7(1), 3747
[4]. Alzoreky, N. S., & Nakahara, K. (2003). Antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia. International journal of food microbiology, 80(3), 223-230

Leech therapy can be correlated to Jaloukavacharana in Ayurveda, which is the best tool of Raktamokshana curing many diseases like abscess, cysts, tumors, celulites, and blood borne diseases.It is a parasurgical procedure which can be done in children, delicate people, ladies, and in those who are afraid of surgery.Hirudomedicinalis(European Medicinal Leech) is the most frequently used species of leech that is not native to the Indian subcontinent. In India the species used traditionally for therapeutic purposes is Hirudinariagranulosa. Besides these, Macrobdelladecora (American medicinal leech), Hirudomichaelseni, Hirudonipponia, Hirudo verbena, and Hirudoorientalisare also being used for therapeutic purposes...........

Keywords: Leech Therapy,Salivary gland secretions, leeching, Jaloukavacharana, raktamokshana

[1]. Hirudotherapy / Leech therapy: Applications and Indications in Surgery;Swaid Abdullah m Latief M. Dar ,AdilRashid,AnitaTewari ,Jan 2012,cited on www.scopemed.org on dated 4/3/201
[2]. AsutkarSheetal G; A Conceptual overview on Inflammatory markers in patients of Vranashopha(Cellulitis) and its management with Leech Therapy - International Journal of Innovative Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research-IJIPSR;Vol-4,Issue-1,pg no :15-28 ,l2016 ISSN no-2347-2154
[3]. 1 I.S. Whitaker, J. Rao, D. Izadi, P.E. Butler-Historical article: Hirudomedicinalis: ancient origins of, and trends in the use of medicinal leeches throughout history;Br J Oral MaxillofacSurg, 42 (2004), pp. 133-137
[4]. Sushruta; SushrutaSamhita; with the Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya; Reprint edition, Edited by JadavajiTrikamjiAcharya, Varanasi; Chaukhambhaorientalia publishers; 2003;Pp 824,Pg No- 56, (Su, Su 13/12).

The present study deals with development of a simple, rapid, sensitive and economic stability
indicatinghigh performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved by using TLC plates precoated with Silica gel 60 F254 as stationary phase and the mobile phase consisting of toluene: ethyl acetate: acetic acid in the ratio of 1:5:1 v/v. Telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide were well resolved with Rf0.22 ± 0.03 and 0.57 ± 0.03 respectively. Densitometry scanning was carried out for the detection of spots at 280nm. ICH recommended stress degradation studies were performed on telmisartan, hydrochlorothiazide............

Keywords:Forced Degradation, Hydrochlorothiazide, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, Method Validation. Simultaneous estimation,Telmisartan.

[1]. M.J.Oneil, P.E .Heckelman,C.B.Koch, K..J. Roman,C.M. Kenny, M.R. Darecca, TheMerck Index: an encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs and biological(Merck Research Laboratories,Whitehouse Station,2006). [2]. Indianpharmacopoeia.Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad, 2014)
[3]. M.Bergovac, D.Plavec, A. knezevic, V.Trkulja, Telmisartan in daily clinical practice: Factors affecting efficacy in treatment of primary arterial hypertension,J Postgrad Med,55(1),2009, 27-32.
[4]. W.Wienen, M.Entzeroth, J. Stangier, U.Busch, T.Ebner, J. Schmid, A review on telmisartan: a novel, long- acting angiotensin II-receptor antagonist,Cardiovascular drug reviews,18(2), 2000,127-154.
[5]. P .Patil, D.V.Nagarale, B.R .Chaudhari, Recent advances and applications of telmisartan,Indo American J PharmaSci, 4(10), 2017,3935-3945.

The current study describes a novel stability indicating Reversed Phase High-Performance LC method for the determination of Moxifloxacin (MOXI) in pharmaceutical formulation and separate impurities which may be present in the formulation from the core drug peak. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Agilent technologies model SPD 20A prominence UV detector, utilizing Agilent zorbax eclipse XBD - C18 Column (based on 99.99 % ultra high purity silica) 150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm particle size, utilizing methanol : phosphate buffer pH 2.5, (60:40 % v/v) as mobile phase at flow rate of 1.2 ml/minute with an injection volume of 20 μl was selected for this study.............

Keywords: Moxifloxacin, RP-HPLC, Validation, Forced degradation.

[1]. Motwani KS, Shruti C, Farhan JA, Roop KK, Validated spectrophotometric methods for the estimation of moxifloxacin in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations, Spectrochim Acta Part A, 68, 2007, 250–6.
[2]. Kaur K, Kumar A, Malik AK, Singh B, Rao AL, Spectrophotometric methods for the determination of fluoroquinolones: A Review, Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 38 (1), 2008, 2–18.
[3]. Ulu ST, High-performance liquid chromatography assay for moxifloxacin: pharmacokinetics in human plasma, J Pharm and Biomed Anal, 43 (1), 2007, 320–4.
[4]. Ravisankar P, Devala Rao G, Simultaneous separation of third and fourth generation six fluoroquinolones by isocratic high–performance liquid chromatography: application to Moxifloxacin determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms, IJPBS, 4 (3), 2013, 663-677.
[5]. Djurdjevic P, Ciric A, Djurdjevic A, Stankov MJ, Optimization of separation and determination of moxifloxacin and its related substances by RP-HPLC, J Pharm and Biomed Anal, 50 (2), 2009, 117–26.

Objective: To study clinical presentation and surgical findings of thyroglossal duct cyst. Study design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of ENT, Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, Burdwan Materials and Methods : 30 patients of histopathologically confirmed thyroglossal cysts were enrolled in the study who presented with neck swelling in the Department of ENT, Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, Burdwan from March 2017 and February 2019. Results:. Mean age of presentation was 10 years. Majority of the patients (80%) were less than 15 years of age. Male:Female=8:2. Ninety percent (90%) of patients presented.............

Keywords: Hyoid bone; Thyroglossal duct cyst; Thyroglossal fistula

[1]. F. Galluzzi, L. Pignataro, R.M. Gaini, et al.: Risk of recurrence in children operated for thyroglossal duct cysts: a systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 48 (1):222-22227 201310.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.10.060 23331819
[2]. Marshall SF, Becker WF. Thyroglossal cysts and sinuses. Ann Surg. 1949;129:642–651.
[3]. Head and Neck Surgery—OTOLARYNGOLOGY by Bryon J Bailey and Johnas T Johnson: 4th edn. chapter 86: p 1212
[4]. M.J. Deaver, E.F. Silman, S. Ltfipour: Infected thyroglossal duct cyst. West J Emerg Med. 10 (3):205 2009 19718389
[5]. V.J. Brousseau, C.A. Solares, M. Xu, et al.: Thyroglossal duct cysts: presentation and management in children versus adults. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 67 (12):1285-121290 2003 14643470

Lead poisoning is known to cause a number of adverse effects including neprophaty, infertility, liver, testis and heart damages in human and experimental animals. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Aqueous and Ethanol extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana leaves (AZM & EZM respectivly) in lead acetate induced liver toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Forty (40) Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of containing 5 rats each. Group 1 was administered with distilled water from 1st to 35th day, Group 2 to 7 were administered with 120mg/kg bwt of lead acetate from 1st to 21st. Rats in Group 2 were sacrificed on the 22nd day of the administration. From the 22nd to 35th day; Groups 3 and 5 were treated.............

Keywords: Lead acetate, Liver, Wistar rat, Ziziphus mauritiana.

[1]. Adzu, B., Amos, S., wambebe, C. and Gamaniel, K. (2001). Antinociceptive activity of Zizyphus spina-christi root bark extract. Fitoterapia, 72(4): 344-350
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[3]. Aseth, J., Jacobsen, D., Andersen, O., and Wickstron E. (1995). Treatment of mercury and lead poisoning with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and sodium dimercapto propanesulfonate (DMPS). Analyst, 120, 853