Foeniculum vulgare Mill (fennel) is a biennial medicinal and aromatic plant. It is a hardy perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves; it grows to a height of up to 2.5m with hollow stems. The leaves grow up to 40 cm long; they are finely dissected with the ultimate segments filiform (thread like) of about 0.5 mm wide. The flowers are produced in terminal compound umbels. The fruit is a dry seed 4–10 mm long. This research tends to determine what information is available on the traditional uses; botany, phytochemistry, and toxicity of F. vulgare? What pharmacological studies were performed on this plant and how do they validate its traditional uses? What is the future for F. vulgare? Based on the review made it can be concluded that F. vulgare is a medicinal and aromatic plant with a diverse pharmacological spectrum and having considerable importance in particular to food industry. The phenolic molecules present in fennel have been shown to possess potent antioxidant activity in a number of experiments. These bioactive molecules in fennel can be developed as novel pharmacological lead molecules provided their bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, physiological pathways, and importance to human health are known with sufficient detail.

Key Words: Phytochemistry, Pharmacological, Foeniculum vulgare, Activity, fennel

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Spondias mombin is a plant species traditionally used in Benin in the treatment of many infections such as salmonellosis and urinary tract infections. In order to provide a scientific basis for this use, this work aims the biological and chemical valorization of S. mombin. After the phytochemical screening of the hydroalcoolic extract, the contents of phenolic compounds were evaluated and the antibacterial and anti-free radical activities were determined. The results obtained reveal, the presence of several metabolites such as tannins, flavonoid, coumarins, reducing compounds and anthraquinones known for their variable biological activities. The contents of total phenolic compounds (40,68 mgEqAG/gMS) and flavonoids (228.40 mgEqAG/gMS) are very interesting. The anti-radical activity of this extract is very high with an IC50<0.007 mg/mL compared to that of ascorbic acid (2.84 mg / ml). An interesting antibacterial activity was noted on the resistant strains of Streptococcus D, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter Sp. These good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties could be related to the presence of secondary metabolites and confirm the traditional use of S. mombin as traditional antioxidant and antibacterial agent.

Key Words: antibacterial properties, anti-free radical properties, secondary metabolites, Spondias mombin.

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[3]. Kouadio N'guessan J, KoneMamidou W, Guessennd NK, Konan KF, Bamba M, Konan Y, Allangba MRA, Tra-Bi FH, Bakayoko A, Dosso M: Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaves Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) on the in vitro growth of producing Enterobacteriaceae of beta-lactamases at extended spectrum (ESBL) strains and phytochemical screening. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 2017, 20:431-440.
[4]. Osuntokun OT: Evaluation of Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD) of crude Spondias mombin (Linn.) extracts (root, leaf, and stem bark) against thirty infectious clinical and environmental isolates. J Bacteriol Infec Dis 2018, 2:8-16.
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Fumaria officinalis contained alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, phytosterols, proteins, amino acids, saponins, fixed oils, steroids, tannins and many other chemical constituents. The previous pharmacological studies showed that Fumaria officinalis possessed neural, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic, aphrodisiac effect and beneficial effect in biliary disorders and irritable bowel syndrome. This review highlighted the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Fumaria officinalis.

Keywords: chemical constituents, pharmacology, Fumaria officinalis

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[2]. Al-Snafi AE. The Pharmacological importance of Bauhinia variegata. A Review. Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research 2013; 4(12): 160-164.

[3]. Al-Snafi AE. Pharmacological and toxicological effects of Heliotropium undulatum (H. bacciferum) and Heliotropium europaeum- A review. Indo Am J P Sc 2018; 5 (4): 2150-2158.

Melilotus officinalis contained coumarins, melilotin, phenolic acids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, volatile oils, fats, triterpenes, carbohydrates, sugar, anthraquinone glycosides, mucilage, tannin, bis hydroxycoumarin, choline, alcohols, uric acid and many other chemical groups. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neural, protective, sedative, anxiolytic, smooth muscle relaxant, hypotensive and manyother pharmacological effects. The current review highlighted the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Melilotus officinalis.

Keywords: chemical constituents, pharmacology, Melilotus officinalis.

[1]. Al-Snafi AE. Pharmacological and toxicological effects of Heliotropium undulatum (H. bacciferum) and Heliotropium europaeum- A review. Indo Am J P Sc 2018; 5 (4): 2150-2158.
[2]. Al-Snafi AE. Study the efficacy of anti-estrogenic drugs in the treatment of poly cystic ovary induced in female rats by estrogen valerate. World J Pharm Sci 2014; 2(4): 313-316. [3]. Al-Snafi AE. A review on pharmacological activities of Kochia scoparia. Indo Am J P Sc 2018; 5 (4): 2213-2221.
[4]. Al-Snafi AE. Medicinal plants affected contractility of smooth muscles- A review . IOSR Journal of Pharmacy 2018; 8(11): 22-35.
[5]. Al-Snafi AE. Fritillaria imperialis- A review. IOSR Journal of pharmacy 2019, 9(3): 47-51.

Cistanche tubulosa contained many bioactive metabolites, included phenylethanoid glycosides (cistantubuloside A, cistantubuloside B, echinacoside, cistanoside A, acteoside, isoacteoside, 2-acetylacteoside, cistanoside C and tubuloside), syringalide A 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, campneoside I, iridoids, iridoid glycosides (kankanose, kankanol, kankanoside A, B, C, D, F, H1, H2 and I), phenylethyl oligosaccharides, terpenes and lignans. The plant produced many pharmacological effects included, memory enhancing, hypolipidemic, hair promoting antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiosteoporotic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection and antiparkinsonian, anti-fatigue, vasorelaxant and reproductive effects. This review will highlight the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cistanche tubulosa.

Keywords: Cistanche tubulosa, chemical constituents, pharmacology

[1]. Al-Snafi AE. The Pharmacological importance of Bauhinia variegata. A Review. Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research 2013; 4(12): 160-164. [2]. Al-Snafi AE. Pharmacological and toxicological effects of Heliotropium undulatum (H. bacciferum) and Heliotropium europaeum- A review. Indo Am J P Sc 2018; 5 (4): 2150-2158.
[3]. Al-Snafi AE. Study the efficacy of anti-estrogenic drugs in the treatment of poly cystic ovary induced in female rats by estrogen valerate. World J Pharm Sci 2014; 2(4): 313-316. [4]. Al-Snafi AE. A review on pharmacological activities of Kochia scoparia. Indo Am J P Sc 2018; 5 (4): 2213-2221.
[5]. Al-Snafi AE. Medicinal plants affected contractility of smooth muscles- A review . IOSR Journal of Pharmacy 2018; 8(11): 22-35.

Analysed quality parameters of different commercial brand red chilli powders (Capsicum annuum L) collected from Guntur Mirchi yard, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. The quality parameters of moisture content, pH, total ash content, acid soluble ash content, ascorbic acid content, minerals (sodium, potassium, calcium), capsaicin content and ASTA colour value were assessed which are directly related to quality, processing technique, storage condition, packaging of chilli powder. In different varieties of chilli powders moisture content, ash content and ASTA colour values differ significantly between 1.6 to 8.6%, 3.6 to 7.3% and to 76.45 ASTA..........

Keywords: Capsicum annuum L., Capsaicin, Ash value, ASTA colour value.

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